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What is Marketing?
А market can be defined as all the potential customers ...1… а particular need or want. Marketing is the process of developing, pricing, distributing and promoting the goods or services that satisfy such needs. Marketing therefore combines market research, new product development, distribution, advertising, promotion, product improvement, and so on. According to this definition, marketing begins and ends with the customer. Truly successful marketing …2… the customer so well that the product or service satisfies а need so perfectly that the customer is desperate to buy it. The product almost …3… itself. Of course this will only happen if the product or service is better than those of competitors.
Companies are always looking for marketing opportunities - possibilities of …4… unsatisfied needs. Marketing opportunities are generally isolated by market segmentation …5… а market into submarkets or segments according to customers' requirements or buying habits. Once а target market has been identified, a company has to decide what goods or services to …6… always remembering the existence of competitors.
Marketers do not only identify consumer needs; they can ...7… them by developing new products. They will then have to design marketing strategies and plan marketing programmes. Once the basic offer, for example а product concept, has been established, the company has to think about the marketing mix - the set of all the various elements of а marketing programme, their integration, and the amount of effort that а company can expend on them in order to ...8... the target market. The best-known classification of these elements is the 4 P's: Product, Price, Promotion and Place.
Aspects to be considered in marketing а product include its …9…, its features, style, brand name, size, packaging, services and guarantee, while price includes consideration of things like the basic list price, …10…, the length of the payment period, and possible credit terms. Place in а marketing mix includes such factors as …11…, coverage of the market, locations of points of sales. Рromotion groups together advertising, publicity, sales promotion and …12… .
Anticipate, dividing, filling, influence, distribution channels, personal selling, offer,
discounts, sharing, sells, quality, understands
И еще одно задание
III Спишите предложения, подчеркните причастия, укажите их форму и функцию (см. модель). Переведите предложения
1. Having decided to offer me the job, the sales manager asked me for a reference.
2. The consultants, being outsiders, are usually less able to judge how well a candidate will fit into the organization.
3. The information obtained during the market research will be used in decision-making.
4. Offering a salary the applicants couldn’t reject, the personnel manager convinced them to accept the job.
5. Having failed in every career he had attempted Van Gogh turned to art.
6. Changes in consumers demand have influenced goods quantity and quality demanded.